21-Mat-A5 Phase Transformations and Thermal Treatment
Worked solutions to 9 past sittings (2013–2019), 72 questions. Pick a sitting, or start from a topic below.
Topics across the sittings
Topics that come up in more than one sitting, taken from the headings of our worked solutions. A topic counts once per sitting.
- Creep (8 sittings): December 2019 Q2 · May 2018 Q2 · December 2017 Q4 · May 2017 Q2 · December 2015 Q2 · December 2014 Q2 · May 2014 Q2 · May 2013 Q2
- Cold Brittleness (5 sittings): December 2019 Q4 · May 2018 Q4 · May 2017 Q5 · December 2014 Q5 · May 2014 Q5
- Fatigue Below Yield (5 sittings): December 2019 Q2 · May 2018 Q2 · May 2017 Q8 · December 2015 Q2 · May 2013 Q2
- General Yield (5 sittings): December 2019 Q4 · May 2018 Q4 · May 2017 Q5 · December 2014 Q5 · May 2014 Q5
- HCP Ductility (5 sittings): December 2019 Q4 · May 2018 Q4 · May 2017 Q5 · December 2014 Q5 · May 2014 Q5
- Metal (5 sittings): May 2017 Q6 · December 2015 Q6 · December 2014 Q6 · May 2014 Q6 · May 2013 Q6
- Plastic Instability (5 sittings): December 2019 Q5 · May 2018 Q5 · May 2017 Q7 · December 2014 Q7 · May 2014 Q1
- Strain-Rate Sensitivity (5 sittings): December 2019 Q2 · May 2018 Q2 · May 2017 Q8 · December 2015 Q2 · May 2013 Q2
- Definitions of Toughness (4 sittings): December 2019 Q3 · May 2018 Q3 · December 2015 Q3 · May 2013 Q3
- Strengthening Mechanisms (4 sittings): December 2017 Q3 · May 2017 Q4 · December 2015 Q1 · May 2013 Q1
- Creep Rupture (3 sittings): December 2019 Q8 · May 2018 Q8 · December 2017 Q6
- Dislocations (3 sittings): December 2019 Q7 · May 2018 Q7 · December 2017 Q1
- Fast Fracture (3 sittings): December 2019 Q4 · May 2018 Q4 · May 2014 Q5
- Fatigue Intrusions/Extrusions (3 sittings): December 2019 Q8 · May 2018 Q8 · December 2017 Q6
- Fatigue Test Procedures (3 sittings): May 2017 Q2 · December 2015 Q5 · May 2013 Q5
Questions by sitting
December 2019
- Question 1: Slip Systems, Stereographic Texture Representation and Twinning
- Question 2: Creep and Fatigue Below Yield; Strain-Rate Sensitivity
- Question 3: Definitions of Toughness; Fatigue Life of a Cracked Plate
- Question 4: General Yield vs. Fast Fracture; Cold Brittleness; HCP Ductility
- Question 5: Plastic Instability and Stretch-Forming a Magnesium Sheet
- Question 6: Titanium-Alloy Safe-Life Fatigue Assessment; Striations versus Beach Marks
- Question 7: Dislocations — Obstacle Bypass, Schmid Factor and Strain Rate
- Question 8: Fracture-Surface Investigation, Creep Rupture and Fatigue Intrusions/Extrusions
December 2018
- Question 1: The Fe–C Phase Diagram and Microstructural Design
- Question 2: Solubility Product of Carbides and Nitrides in Austenite
- Question 3: Precipitation Hardening, Spinodal Decomposition and Ordering
- Question 4: Interfaces, Precipitate-Free Zones and Grain-Boundary Pinning
- Question 5: Grain Growth and Zener Pinning
- Question 6: Nucleation Mechanisms Across Four Transformations
- Question 7: Classical Nucleation Theory and Solidification Growth Morphology
- Question 8: Glass and Glass-Ceramic Processing
May 2018
- Question 1: Slip Systems, Stereographic Texture Representation and Twinning
- Question 2: Creep and Fatigue Below Yield; Strain-Rate Sensitivity
- Question 3: Definitions of Toughness; Fatigue Life of a Cracked Plate
- Question 4: General Yield vs. Fast Fracture; Cold Brittleness; HCP Ductility
- Question 5: Plastic Instability and Stretch-Forming a Magnesium Sheet
- Question 6: Titanium-Alloy Safe-Life Fatigue Assessment; Striations versus Beach Marks
- Question 7: Dislocations — Obstacle Bypass, Schmid Factor and Strain Rate
- Question 8: Fracture-Surface Investigation, Creep Rupture and Fatigue Intrusions/Extrusions
December 2017
- Question 1: Dislocations — Obstacle Bypass, Schmid Factor and Strain Rate
- Question 2: Slip Systems, Stereographic Texture Representation and Twinning
- Question 3: HCP Brittleness, Hall-Petch Strengthening and Strengthening Mechanisms
- Question 4: Creep and Fatigue Testing; Three Definitions of Toughness
- Question 5: Leak-Before-Break Wall Thickness and Required Fracture Toughness for a Target Fatigue Life
- Question 6: Fracture-Surface Investigation, Creep Rupture and Fatigue Intrusions/Extrusions
- Question 7: Ductile vs. Cyclic Fracture Micromechanisms; the Necking (Plastic Instability) Condition
- Question 8: Sub-Yield Creep and Fatigue, Creep Mechanism and Strain-Rate-Sensitive Brittle Fracture
May 2017
- Question 1: Fatigue-Safety Margin for a Cracked Component; Infinite-Life Flaw-Size Design for a Skeletal Implant
- Question 2: Creep and Fatigue Test Procedures; Three Definitions of Toughness
- Question 3: Fatigue-Crack-Growth Life of a Surface-Cracked Sheet; Sub-Yield Failure Mechanisms
- Question 4: Strengthening Mechanisms and Single-Crystal Turbine Blades
- Question 5: General Yield vs. Fast Fracture in a Marine Steel Plate; Cold Brittleness; HCP Ductility
- Question 6: Metal versus Semicrystalline Polymer; Why Fibre Composites Win
- Question 7: Plastic Instability (Considère's Criterion); Stretch-Forming Spring-Back of a Magnesium Sheet
- Question 8: Creep and Fatigue Below Yield; Strain-Rate Sensitivity
December 2015
- Question 1: Strengthening Mechanisms and Single-Crystal Turbine Blades
- Question 2: Creep and Fatigue Below Yield; Strain-Rate Sensitivity
- Question 3: Definitions of Toughness; Fatigue Life of a Cracked Plate
- Question 4: Processing Routes for Increased Toughness in Four Material Classes
- Question 5: Creep and Fatigue Test Procedures; Powder Metallurgy versus Machining
- Question 6: Metal versus Semicrystalline Polymer; Why Fibre Composites Win
- Question 7: Selecting Deformation Processes for Four Products
- Question 8: Four Modes of Environmental Degradation
December 2014
- Question 1: Fatigue-Safety Margin for a Cracked Component; Infinite-Life Flaw-Size Design for a Skeletal Implant
- Question 2: Creep and Fatigue Test Methodology; Three Definitions of Toughness
- Question 3: Fatigue-Crack-Growth Life of a Surface-Cracked Sheet; Sub-Yield Failure Mechanisms
- Question 4: Strengthening Single Crystals; Directionally-Solidified Single-Crystal Superalloy Turbine Blades
- Question 5: General Yield vs. Fast Fracture in a Marine Steel Plate; Cold Brittleness; HCP Ductility
- Question 6: Metal vs. Semicrystalline Polymer Stress-Strain Behaviour; CFRP Composite Properties
- Question 7: Plastic Instability (Considère's Criterion); Stretch-Forming Spring-Back of a Magnesium Sheet
- Question 8: Conditions for Creep and Fatigue; Creep Deformation Mechanism; Strain-Rate-Sensitive Yielding and Brittle Fracture
May 2014
- Question 1: Plastic Instability and Stretch-Forming a Magnesium Sheet
- Question 2: Creep and Fatigue Testing; Powder Metallurgy vs. Machined Toughness
- Question 3: Fatigue-Crack-Growth Life; Sub-Yield Failure Mechanisms
- Question 4: Toughening Routes Across Four Material Classes
- Question 5: General Yield vs. Fast Fracture; Cold Brittleness; HCP Ductility
- Question 6: Metal vs. Polymer Stress-Strain Behaviour; CFRP Composite Properties
- Question 7: Deformation-Process Selection for Four Products
- Question 8: Environmental Degradation Mechanisms
May 2013
- Question 1: Strengthening Mechanisms and Single-Crystal Turbine Blades
- Question 2: Creep and Fatigue Below Yield; Strain-Rate Sensitivity
- Question 3: Definitions of Toughness; Fatigue Life of a Cracked Plate
- Question 4: Processing Routes for Increased Toughness in Four Material Classes
- Question 5: Creep and Fatigue Test Procedures; Powder Metallurgy versus Machining
- Question 6: Metal versus Semicrystalline Polymer; Why Fibre Composites Win
- Question 7: Selecting Deformation Processes for Four Products
- Question 8: Four Modes of Environmental Degradation